ندارد
text
article
2016
per
ندارد
Environmental Researches
انجمن ارزیابی محیط زیست ایران
2008-9597
7
v.
13
no.
2016
3
3
https://www.iraneiap.ir/article_99296_444ed595502ff869f1f5111d4f4e49a9.pdf
The Effect of Government Size on Environmental Quality in Petroleum Exporting Countries
Ahmad
Asadzadeh
Assoc. Prof. in Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Business, University of Tabriz
author
Hossein
Panahi
Assoc. Prof. in Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Business, University of Tabriz
author
Seyedeh Asra
Marashi
MA Student in Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Economics,
Management and Business, University of Tabriz
author
text
article
2016
per
The main goal of this article is to investigate the effect of government size on environmental quality of the petroleum exporting countries over the years 1996-2010. For this purpose, a model based on Bernauer and Koubi's idea has been presented simultaneously taking Kuznets theory into consideration. Parameters were estimated employing panel data approach. In this study, the emitted CO2 was considered as a function of economic variables (real GDP per capita, investment share of real GDP and degree of openness to trade) and political variable (control of corruption index), and finally government size variable. Results show that at low-income levels, there is a direct correlation between GPD per capita and the emission of CO2 and Kuznets theory also applies between GPD per capita and emitted CO2. Moreover, there is a direct relationship between the degree of openness to trade and environmental pollution. Investment share and control of corruption index have inverse relationship with CO2 emission. Finally, there is a direct correlation between the size of government and the CO2 emission.
Environmental Researches
انجمن ارزیابی محیط زیست ایران
2008-9597
7
v.
13
no.
2016
5
14
https://www.iraneiap.ir/article_99288_51b3a051ac5bd452b02f27ecaf33b65b.pdf
Islamic Paradigm of Commitment to Protect the Global Environment with an Emphasis on Common Responsibilities and Obligations of Different North and South Countries
Parisa
Norouzi fard
Environment PhD Student, Department of Natural Resource and Environmental, University of Malayer
author
mir mehrdad
mirsanjari
Environmental group, Department of Natural Resource and
Environmental, Malayer University
author
text
article
2016
per
Environment is one of the most basic and common heritages of all mankind and its transboundary nature leads to difficulty in managing and achieving a good solution for many of the relevant issues. One of the ways to control and mitigate the effects of these issues, is writing of international treaties. Government policies and international judicial establishments provide a rule of law for cooperation among the relevant governments on shared resources. It would be misleading though, if in the process of formation of these treaties, protection of the environment is interpreted as an equal responsibility between north and south countries. In other words, countries of the world must have a common responsibility but of different shares towards environmental issues. As such, formation of equitable participation and cooperation between developed and developing countries is a crucial common principle. In the Islamic worldview, the universe is regarded in an integrated and holistic way, warning humans to abandon corruption in the earth and develop sustainably which can be helpful in responding to environmental issues and international challenges. Also, based on emphasis on justice in the Quoranic verses and Islamic hadith and responsibility of common people and rulers towards other humans, compliance with international treaties by countries is a must for governments. Although utilization of commonalities and legitimate enjoyment of the natural resources in the economic system of Islam are allowed, whenever the result of overpopulation and frequency of resource use threatens those common resources, this legitimatcy becomes void.
Environmental Researches
انجمن ارزیابی محیط زیست ایران
2008-9597
7
v.
13
no.
2016
15
28
https://www.iraneiap.ir/article_99290_b44700d98bd73bd21472592c86e42d54.pdf
Towards an Integrated System for Landscape Protection and Management: New Approaches
Niloufar
Ealamzadeh
PhD Candidate, Department of Environment, Gorgan University of
Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources
author
Alireza
Mikaeeli Tabrizi
Department of Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources
author
text
article
2016
per
Towards an Integrated System for Landscape
Protection and Management: New Approaches
1*Islamzadeh, N.; 2Mikaeili Tabrizi, A. R.
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Environment, Gorgan University of
Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources
2 Assoc. Prof. Department of Environment, Gorgan University of
Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources
(Received: 2013/Nov/27; Accepted: 2016/Sep/05)
Abstract
In recent history, the belief in the integrity of the landscape, has led Europeans to write common and general legislations for conservation and management of the environment. European Landscape Convention is the first international convention which has a special focus on landscape and with European Union memebers seeking to advance the conservation goals, management issues, planning and participation of people in the landscape. Sustainable development and social justice across Europe are among its main objectives as well.
The E-CLIC project uses information technology tool to work with governmenta agencies and disseminate the relevant policies to local, regional and national level bodies.
Problems in international agreements on landscape issues are serious. Compared to biodiversity or climate change, agreement on the landscape values is very difficult. Global agreement on definition, and common understanding of the landscape basic values is not easy.
However, the European convention has been successful, despite political- economic and cultural differences. Thus, scientists, especially from European and other parts of the world, decided to make it an international convention. This idea was initiated by UNESCO and the International Federation of Landscape Architects welcomed that and took the main resonsibility for its implementation. UNESCO proposes a different way of thinking about landscape and believes that a comprehensive and strategic approach to community challenges and global threats is needed.
The world is now going toward an integrated international but adaptable and flexible legislation system and guidelines to solve environmental problems, conservation and planning. This approach has advantages and problems, but it will take us towards sustainable development.
Keywords: ELC; E-CLIC; Integrated management system; Cooperation; Sustainable development
Environmental Researches
انجمن ارزیابی محیط زیست ایران
2008-9597
7
v.
13
no.
2016
29
36
https://www.iraneiap.ir/article_99291_7c6d563df558ffba6de399013560479d.pdf
Introduction to the Strategic Environmental Assessment and it’s Use in Planning System of Iran
sayedeh
alemohammad
PhD student- Environmental planning department- university of Tehran
author
Lobat
Zebardast
Environmental Planning and Management Department,
Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran
author
Esmaeel
Salehi
Environmental Planning and Management Department,
Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran
author
Ahmad Reza
Yavari
Environmental Planning and Management Department,
Faculty of Environment, University of Tehra
author
text
article
2016
per
Development planning system of Iran is faced with many problems and obstacles. Five-year development plans and land use planning lack necessary integration and hierarchy. In these circumstances, little attention is given to environmental protection before defining projects and during the hierarchical configuration of decision-making (policies, plans and programs). In the hierarchical decision-making, environmental planning should be regarded independently but unified with the whole development planning system. The aim of this study is to introduce Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) process, definitions, history, objectives, hierarchy, types, application and dimensions as an effective tool for sustainable development in Iran and finally to clarify its position in the development planning system of the country. The methodology is based on theoretical description of foundations and reviewing relevant texts. According to review of literature, SEA process is an effective tool for improving decision-making system strategically, responding to weakness of environmental impact assessment towards achieving a sustainable development. This process is used in two main fields of development (sectoral and spatial). Therefore, using the SEA process will result in the integration and improvement of five-year development plans and land use planning in environmental section. It is concluded that using SEA process in development planning system of Iran can be effective in strengthening and ensuring continuity of hierarchical decision-making, determining gaps of planning system, increasing transparency, integrating and supporting the strategic planning process and avoiding repeats and sectoral attitude.
Environmental Researches
انجمن ارزیابی محیط زیست ایران
2008-9597
7
v.
13
no.
2016
37
50
https://www.iraneiap.ir/article_99293_6a61bea2d0e1bf4dabe69279f9bf57df.pdf
Evaluation of Environmental Policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the International and Regional Organizations
Ameneh
Nikbakhti
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faclty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University
author
mir mehrdad
mirsanjari
environment faculty of natural resources . malayer university
author
text
article
2016
per
Along with globalization, the environment has also become a global issue as the earth is a common heritage in which not only humans, but all creatures have the right to live and enjoy the blessings of God. The nature of the environmental issues makes them transboundary as environmental components are linked and dynamic. During the last years the global environmental hazards have gained an accelerated trend, while environmental confederations have been signed in the world and many countries are committed by the relevant laws. As part of this commitment, governments are required to revise their policies and programs in order to reduce adverse impacts of human activities and improve environmental quality. Islamic Republic of Iran as a member of the international community, has signed many of these international confederations and has played an active role in this connection. In this study, the performance of the Islamic Republic of Iran is reviewed with regard to the Ramsar Convention, Climate Change Convention and Tehran and Kuwait Conventions.
Environmental Researches
انجمن ارزیابی محیط زیست ایران
2008-9597
7
v.
13
no.
2016
51
62
https://www.iraneiap.ir/article_99294_b98156e6de65893b79efc6d5e3e4ff0b.pdf