تبیین و سطح‌بندی عوامل موثر بر زیست‌‌پذیری با استفاده از رویکرد مدل‌سازی ساختاری- تفسیری و تکنیک میک مک (مطالعه موردی: کلان‌شهر تبریز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

پس از انقلاب صنعتی، با افزایش جمعیت شهرها و شکل‌‌گیری شهرهای میلیونی مسایل محیط‌زیستی فراوانی پیش‌‌ آمد؛ طوری که رویکردهای متنوعی در مورد حفظ محیط‌زیست شهری همانند نظریه باغشهر، شهر سبز، شهر اکولوژیک و توسعه پایدار شهری در ادبیات برنامه‌‌ریزی شهری مطرح شدند که می‌‌توان آن‌‌ها را در راستای به وجود آمدن شهرهای زیست‌‌پذیر قلمداد کرد. امروزه برخورداری از ویژگی‌‌های زیست‌‌پذیری در شهرها برای رسیدن به توسعه پایدار در جامعه اهمیت فراوانی دارد؛ بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با رویکرد توصیفی- تحلیلی با استفاده از تکنیک مدل‌سازی ساختاری- تفسیری در پی آن بوده است که شاخص‌‌های موثر بر زیست‌‌پذیری کلان‌شهر تبریز را شناسایی، سطح‌‌بندی و در نهایت مدل مناسب با وضعیت زیست‌‌پذیری کلان‌شهر تبریز را ارایه دهد. در ابتدا شاخص‌‌های مورد نیاز پژوهش با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا، روش دلفی و مصاحبه با خبرگان در قالب 3 بعد و 13 شاخص شناسایی شد، در مرحله بعد با استفاده از تکنیک مدل‌سازی ساختاری- تفسیری وضعیت شاخص‌‌ها و سطح‌‌بندی آن‌ها انجام شد و در نهایت با استفاده از تکنیک میک‌‌مک نوع شاخص‌‌ها در قالب چهار نوع شاخص مستقل، وابسته، پیوندی و کلیدی شناسایی شدند. نتایج پژوهش بیانگر آن است که 5 شاخص؛ توزیع عادلانه امکانات و خدمات زیرساختی، اشتغال مناسب و پایدار، توسعه حمل‌ونقل عمومی و پایدار، افزایش امنیت فردی و اجتماعی و توسعه آموزش عمومی به عنوان شاخص‌‌های کلیدی نقش بسیار مهمی در وضعیت زیست‌‌پذیری کلان‌شهر تبریز دارند، همچنین مهم‌ترین ابعاد اثرگذار بر زیست‌‌پذیری کلان‌شهر تبریز به ترتیب عبارتند از: اقتصادی، اجتماعی و محیط‌‌زیستی.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Explanation and Leveling the Factors Affecting the Livability of Using the Approach Interpretive Structure Modeling and Mic Mac Technique (Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis)

نویسندگان [English]

  • borhan veysi nab
  • Feredoon Babaei Agdam
university Tabriz
چکیده [English]

After the Industrial Revolution, many environmental problems arose with the increasing population of cities and the formation of millions of cities. So that various approaches to preserving the urban environment such as Garden City, Green Town, Ecological City and Sustainable Urban Development, have been proposed in urban planning literature, which can be considered as the basis for the emergence of Livable cities. Nowadays, it is important to have the characteristics of livability in cities in order to achieve sustainable development in the community. Therefore, the present study uses a descriptive-analytical approach using Interpretive Structure Modeling to determine the effective indicators on the livability of Tabriz metropolis Identify, level, and eventually provide a suitable model for Tabriz Metropolis. At first, the indices needed for research were identified by using content analysis, Delphi method and interview with experts in 3 dimensions and 13 indicators. In the next step, using Interpretive Structure Modeling (ISM), the status of indicators and leveling they were completed and finally, using the Mic Mac technique, the types of indicators were identified in the form of four types of independent, affiliate, linkage and key indicators. The results of the research indicate that the five indicators: the fair distribution of infrastructure and services, sustainable employment, the development of public and sustainable transport, increased individual and social security and the development of general education as key indicators play a very important role in the status of livability  metropolitan  of Tabriz. Also, the most important dimensions affecting the livability of Tabriz metropolitan are economic, social and environmental.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban livability
  • Tabriz metropolis
  • Interpretive structure modeling
  • Mic mac technique
  • Delphi method
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