پهنه‌بندی پتانسیل خطر ‌بیابان‌‌زایی با استفاده از مدل مطلوبیت چند شاخصه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تاکستان

چکیده

‌بیابان‌‌زایی یکی از بزرگترین چالش‌‌های محیط‌‌‌زیستی زمان ما به شمار می‌‌رود. این پدیده یک مساله جهانی است و پیامدهای جدی آن بر تنوع‌زیستی، ایمنی محیط‌‌‌زیست، ریشه‌‌کنی فقر، ثبات اجتماعی- اقتصادی و توسعه پایدار در سراسر جهان تاثیرگذار است. در این میان مناسب‌‌ترین روش برای تعیین شدت خطر ‌بیابان‌‌زایی استفاده از مدل‌‌های تجربی است. به منظور بررسی شدت ‌بیابان‌‌زایی در این پژوهش از مدل مطلوبیت چند شاخصه (MAUT)(1) استفاده شد. برای این منظور در این روش لایه‌‌های اطلاعاتی مورد نیاز در نرم‌‌افزار Arc View تهیه شد. سپس اقدام به تفکیک واحدهای کاری از روش ژئومرفولوژی شد. با تعیین شاخص‌‌های موثر، ارزش شاخص‌‌ها در هر واحد کاری تعیین و ارزش شاخص‌‌ها نسبت به هم از روش آنتروپی‌‌شانون برآورد و در ادامه، تابع مطلوبیت چند شاخصه یا ضریب مطلوبیت(2) برآورد و در انتها نتایج به صورت نقشه‌‌ ارزیابی ‌ارایه شد. مطالعه‌های انجام شده نشان داد که 43/0 درصد از کل منطقه مطالعاتی به صورت خیلی شدید و 92/8 درصد به صورت ‌به نسبت شدیدی تحت فرایند ‌بیابان‌‌زایی می‌‌باشد و ‌بیابان‌‌زایی با شدت متوسط (74/81%)، بیشترین سهم را در منطقه مطالعاتی به خود اختصاص داده است. در عین حال ارزش عددی ضریب مطلوبیت ‌بیابان‌‌زایی برای کل منطقه از مجموع عوامل 8677/0 (کلاس متوسط یا V) ‌به دست آمد. نتایج این پژوهش امکان برنامه‌‌ریزی را برای به حداقل رساندن ‌بیابان‌‌زایی در اثر انجام طرح‌‌های توسعه فراهم می‌‌سازد و شرایطی را ایجاد کند که با توجه به اولویت‌‌ها و پهنه‌‌بندی آسیب‌‌پذیری منطقه مطالعاتی، تعادل بین طرح‌‌های توسعه و محیط امکان‌پذیر شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Desertification Hazard Zoning Using Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) Model

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammad Hasan Sadeghi Ravesh
Azad University Takestan
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, Desertification is one of the greatest environmental challenges. It is a global issue & its serious consequences affect on biodiversity, environmental safety, poverty eradication, economic & social stability & sustainable development around the world. Therefore, the most appropriate way to determine the extent of desertification risk is using experimental models. In this study to investigate the desertification multi attribute utility theory model was used. For this aim, required data layers were provided in ArcView environment. Then work units were separated using geomorphology method. By determining the effective index, the index values were determined in each works unit & the value of the indices to one another was determined by Shannon entropy method. In continues with calculating the equation of indices utility in work units, multi-attribute utility function or utility coefficient was estimated. Finally, the results were presented as evaluation map. The results showed that 0.42 & 8.92 percent of total study area are classified in very high & high class of desertification, respectively, & moderate desertification (81.74 percent) has the most share of desertification in the study area. Based on all factors, desertification utility index values for the entire region with value of 0.8677 was classified in moderate class. The results of this research provide the possibility of planning to minimize the effects of desertification in development projects, & can create conditions that the balance between development & environment projects be possible according to the priorities & vulnerability mapping of the study area.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Desertification intensity
  • Hierarchical structure
  • Multi Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT)
  • Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM)
  • Zoning
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