اولویت‌‌بندی زیرحوضه‌‌های شهری به منظور کنترل سیلاب با استفاده از تکنیک‌‌های تصمیم‌‌گیری AHP و Fuzzy_ AHP

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه احیاء مناطق خشک و کوهستانی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده

سیل یکی از بلایای طبیعی است که هر ساله در نقاط مختلف جهان موجب خسارت‌های مالی و جانی فراوانی می‌‌شود و محیط‌زیست را نیز تحت تاثیر خود قرار می دهد. اولویت‌‌بندی زیرحوضه‌‌های طبیعی و شهری بر اساس آسیب‌پذیری در مواجهه با سیلاب می‌‌تواند نقش مهمی در سیاست‌‌گذاری‌‌ها و اقدام‌های مدیریتی به منظور مدیریت بهینه آبخیزهای شهری و طبیعی داشته باشد. به این منظور از تلفیق دو تکنیک تصمیم‌‌گیری AHP و Fuzzy AHP به منظور انتخاب ترجیحی، از میان گزینه‌‌های موجود برای کنترل و مقابله با سیلاب استفاده شد. شهر سنندج، مرکز استان کردستان با مساحت ۶/۳۶۸۸ هکتار در غرب ایران و در بخش جنوبی استان کردستان قرار دارد. در این تحقیق با استفاده از 9 معیار مساحت، شیب متوسط زیر حوضه طبیعی بالادست، شیب متوسط زیرحوضه شهری، ضریب فرم حوضه، نسبت سطوح نفوذناپذیر به نفوذپذیر، تراکم زهکشی، ارتفاع متوسط زیرحوضه، سن بنا و ارتفاع ساختمان‌‌ها از سطح زمین دو روش نام برده شده برای زیرحوضه‌‌های شهری سنندج بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار وزن نسبی متعلق به معیار «نسبت سطوح نفوذناپذیر به سطوح نفوذپذیر» است، که آنالیز حساسیت نیز بر اساس این معیار صورت گرفت. تعدادی از رتبه‌‌های به دست آمده در دو تکنیک با همدیگر تفاوت دارند، که با استفاده از روش میانگین وزن‌‌های نسبی اولویت‌‌بندی نهایی صورت گرفت. زیر حوضه شماره 4 در اولویت اول و زیر حوضه شماره 5 در اولویت آخر به منظور انجام اقدام‌های مدیریتی و مقابله‌‌ای قرار دارند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prioritization of Urban Sub-Basins to Flood Control Using AHP and Fuzzy_AHP Decision-Making Techniques

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aryan Salvati 1
  • Arash malekian 2
1 Master Student of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Assoc. Profe. Department of Reclamation of Arid and Mountainous Regions, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Flooding is one of the natural disasters that causes many financial and financial losses every year in different parts of the world. Prioritizing natural and urban sub-basins based on vulnerability to flood can play an important role in management policies and practices in order to optimize the management of urban and natural watersheds. To this end, the combination of two AHP and Fuzzy AHP decision-making techniques with Chang's method for selective selection was used among available options for controlling and controlling flood. Sanandaj, the capital of Kurdistan province, covers an area of 3688.6 hectares in western Iran and in the southern part of Kurdistan province. Based on the aim of the study, using nine factors of area, the mean slope of the sub basin upstream, the average slope of the sub basin, basin coefficient, the ratio of impervious to permeable surfaces, drainage density, subsoil height, age of the building and height of buildings from the ground. The two methods “AHP and Fuzzy AHP” were examined and the results showed that the highest relative weight value belongs to the criterion of "the ratio of impervious surfaces to permeable surfaces", which was also based on the sensitivity analysis. There are a number of rankings differing in two techniques, which were done using the mean relative weighting method of the final prioritization. Sub-basin No. 4 in priority 1 while the Sub-basin No. 5 is in the last priority in order to consider management and control measures.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flooding potential
  • Sensitivity analysis
  • Sanandaj

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پژوهش های محیط زیست
دوره 11، شماره 22
مجله پژوهشی
اسفند 1399
صفحه 3-14

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