شناسایی و رفع موانع اصلی بازیافت پسماندهای تولیدی در واحدهای صنعتی کوچک و متوسط با استفاده از رویکرد تلفیقی ISM، LCA و AHP (مطالعه موردی: شهرک صنعتی شماره دو ارومیه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران- محیط‌زیست، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 استادیار گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

مدیریت پسماندهای قابل بازیافت واحدهای کوچک و متوسط شهرک‌های صنعتی، از طریق شناسایی موانع و طرح‌ریزی برنامه‌های اجرایی رفع موانع اصلی، با به کارگیری روش‌های تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و ارزیابی چرخه عمر، هدف اصلی مقاله حاضر است. شهرک صنعتی شماره دو ارومیه به عنوان مطالعه موردی انتخاب شد. تعداد نُه مانع در زمینه مدیریت ضعیف کنونی پسماندهای قابل بازیافت، شناسایی شد. با اعمال روش ISM، موانع B5 (جذابیت اقتصادی اندک برای پیمانکار جمع‌آوری)، B1 (نبود آگاهی عمومی)، B9 (نبود دفتر تحقیق و توسعه) و B3 (اطلاع‌رسانی نامناسب)، با قرار گرفتن در گروه عوامل مستقل، موانع کلیدی این مطالعه محسوب می‌شوند. با توجه به اهمیت اصلاح مانع B5 در بهبود روند مدیریت کنونی، دو سناریوی جمع‌آوری مخلوط و مجزای زایدات قابل بازیافت از واحدهای صنعتی کوچک و متوسط، تعریف شدند. با استفاده از رویکرد LCA، میزان انتشارات ناشی از سناریوهای یک و دو به ترتیب 86/17- و 15/22- MTCE/yr و انرژی مصرفی حدود 558/0 و 545/0 MBtu/yr برآورد شد. درآمد خالص فروش مواد پردازش شده نیز به ترتیب 819 و 192 میلیون ریال در سال (سال انجام تحقیق 1396) تخمین زده می‌شود. نتایج تحلیل سلسله مراتبی بر اساس سه معیار محیط‌زیستی، اقتصادی و فنی/اجتماعی و زیرمعیارهای مربوطه، حاکی از اهمیت معیار اقتصادی در فرآیند تصمیم‌گیری است. در نهایت سناریوی یک با امتیاز 5028/0 به عنوان گزینه برتر انتخاب شد. در مقاله حاضر رویکردی جدید برای انجام آنالیز حساسیت پیشنهاد شده است. اگر وزن معیار محیط‌زیستی به کمتر از 22/0 محدود شود، در هر شرایطی از نقطه نظر وزن معیار اقتصادی، سناریوی دو برتر خواهد بود.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Addressing the Main Obstacles in Industrial Waste Recycling Generated at Small and Medium- Size Industrial Units Using ISM, LCA, and AHP Methodologies (Case Study: No. 2 Urmia Industrial Complex)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin Alizadeh 1
  • Mehdi Ghanbarzadeh Lak 2
1 M.Sc. Graduate in Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department; Urmia University, Iran
2 Assist. Profe. School of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department; Urmia University, Iran
چکیده [English]

The proper management of the recyclable wastes generated at small and medium size industrial units (SMIUs) through identifying obstacles and designing implementation plans, is the main objective of present paper. No. 2 Urmia Industrial complex was selected as the case study. A total of 9 barriers were identified in the context of the current weak management of recycleable wastes. Applying ISM methodology, barriers B5 (low economic attractiveness for the contractor), B1 (lack of public awareness), B9 (lack of research and development office), and B3 (inappropriate informing), were considered as the key ones. Given the importance of modifying the B5 barrier to improve current management process, two scenarios for collection of mixed or source separate recyclables were defined. Using the LCA approach, the emissions from scenarios 1 and 2 were estimated to be -17.86 and -15.22 MTCE/yr, respectively. The energy consumption rates were about 0.558 and 0.545 MBtu/yr. Furthermore, net sales of processed materials were 819 and 192 million rials (estimated based on 2017 market prices). The results of hierarchical analysis based on three environmental, economic, and technical/social criteria and the relevant sub criteria revealed the importance of the economic criterion in the decision making process. Eventually Scenario 1 was selected with a score of 0.5028 as the preferred option. In this paper, a new approach is proposed for sensitivity analysis. Based on this approach, while the weight of the environmental criterion kept below 0.22, in any weight of economic criterion, scenario 2 will be superior.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Recycling
  • industrial Waste
  • Small and Medium Sized Industrial Units
  • ISM
  • LCA
  • AHP

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پژوهش های محیط زیست
دوره 12، شماره 24
مجله پژوهشی
اسفند 1400
صفحه 3-22

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