The Role of Rural Settllements on Emerge of Environmental Challenges in Sensitive Ecosystems (Case Study of Lake Zarivar, Iran)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Kharazmi University of Tehran

2 Kharazmi University

Abstract

Activities related to habitat, production, consumption, transportation and etc. by the villagers are closely linked to the environment and their resources and directly or indirectly affect the ecosystems around them. This paper is conducted with the purpose of applying a field research. In this research, the effects of human activities and relationship of the rural settlements around the Zarivar fresh- water lake in Marivan city has been investigated. In this descriptive study, after library studies, field data was collected by means of observation, interview and questionnaire, which included a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. To analyze the data, one-sample T-test, ANOVA and ELECTRE (a multi-criterion decision-making model) and ArcGIS and SPSS software were used. The results show that human activities in nine villages around the lake have an unstable relationship with the lake ecosystem and a lot of environmental pollution is entering the lake, which has changed the structure and functioning of the lake ecosystem. In terms of the categories of evaluation of sustainable development indicators, the economic dimension with the score 0/07845 on the first rank is important and has had the greatest impact on the lake. The results of the T- test indicate that the highest average is allocated to the economic12/9321 extent. The ecological and physical dimensions are located on the next rank, some of these concequenses can be addressed as transformation and transition of land cover, spread of straw, decline and death of aquatic animals, poisoning of birds, and reduction of the quantity and quality of lake water, reducing the social and environmental functions of the lake and finally, resulted to instability and destruction of the lake ecosystem.

Keywords

References

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Environmental Researches
Volume 10, Issue 19
September 2019
Pages 79-90

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