Environmental Researches

Environmental Researches

Investigating the Effect of Rail Way Constraction on Changes in Vegetation and Soil Indicators in Two Types of Bush- Tree Hammada Salicornica and Zygophylum Atripkroides Desert Rangelands of Yazd Province

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Master Student of Environmental Planning, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
2 Department of Nature Engineering and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbat Heydarieh, Torbat Heydarieh, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Department Environment, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
10.22034/eiap.2024.207444
Abstract
Railway construction is one of the important activities in the development of any country. Railway construction operations can have an impact on the environment around the railway. This study investigated the effects of Yazd- Eghlid railway construction on some vegetation and soil characteristics of Hammada salicornica and Zygophylum atripkroides types located in the rangelands of Kalmand- Bahadoran protected area and in order to evaluate the vegetation and soil variables in the case types. The study used systematic random sampling method. Finally, the data obtained from vegetation measurements and soil-related experiments were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan's test using SPSS software. The results showed that in Rams type, construction of railway caused a significant increase in density of forb vegetative form, percentage of shrub vegetative form in distance of 0- 250 meters of railway and production of bush-tree vegetative form. at a distance of 250-500 m railway, and construction of railway on the soil parameters of this area caused a significant increase in electrical conductivity, lime percentage and potassium in the distance of 250- 500 meters of railway and reduction percentage of organic matter and percentage of nitrogen in the distance of 0- 250 meters of railway And an increase in the percentage of clay in the distance of 250- 500 m of the railway. The effect of railway construction on vegetation in the Gheich type caused a significant increase in the density of forb vegetative form And the total density at a distance of 0- 250 m from the railway, the construction of railway on the soil parameters of this area caused a significant increase moisture content at a distance of 0- 250 m and a significant decrease in the percentage of lime in the same distance.
Keywords
Subjects

Arjamand, K.; Ghorbani, A.; Ghafari, S.; Hashemi Majd, K. & Jafari, S. 2015. Investigating the effects of different intensities of livestock grazing on soil parameters in the pastures of Kalash village. The second national conference on protection of natural resources and environment. March 12 and 13. Ardabil 1-7. (in Persian)
Asadi, M.; Sefidi, K.; Hashemi Majd, K. & Moamari, M. 2015. Investigating the impact of different intensities of livestock grazing on some physical and chemical properties of the soil (case study: pastures of the southeastern slopes of Sablan). The second national conference on the protection of natural resources and environment. 7-1. (in Persian)
Bagheri, R.; Mohseni Saravi, M. & Chaii Chi, M. 2009. Investigating the effect of livestock grazing intensity on some soil chemical properties in the semi-arid region, a case study: Khabar National Park and surrounding pastures. Marta scientific research journal. 3: 412-398. (in Persian)
Chen,Z.; Liu, X.; Ai,Y.; Chen, J.; Luoa,X.; Chen, J. & Zhong, S. 2018. Effects and mechanisms of revegetation modes on cadmium and lead pollution in artificial soil on railway rock-cut slopes. Science of the Total Environment. 1602-1611.
Dinar Vand, M.; Ejtehadi, H.; Jangjoo, M. & Andarzian, b. 2015. Species diversity and identification of plant functional groups in wooded pastures of Shimbar protected area in Khuzestan province, applied ecology. 15:1-12.(in Persian)
Elmi, M. 2019. Studies on the selection phase of the Kalmand-Bahadran protected area management plan, 1: 74. (in Persian)
Environmental impact assessment report of Yazd-Euclid railway line. 2011. The first and second volume. (in Persian)
Footoohi, M. 2006. Investigating methods of reducing adverse effects in railway projects in biological environment, 1. (in Persian)
Ghasemi Aghbash, F. & Malegi, b. 2016. The ecological effects of forest roads on some vegetation and soil variables of the mountain almond forest reserve (Amygdalusscoparia Spach) in Zarin Abad district of Dehlran. Journal of Iranian Forest Ecology. 6:1-8. (in Persian)
Giunta, M. 2020. Assessment of the environmental impact of road construction: Modelling and prediction of fine particulate matter emissions. Building and Environment, 1-8.
Hossein Jafari, S.& Tatian, M.; Tamartash, R. & Karimian, A. 2014. Investigating the effect of the type of grazing livestock on vegetation and soil using the multipurpose analysis method. Scientific and research journal of pasture. 2: 192-200. (in Persian)
Hosseinzadeh, G.; Jalilund, H. & Tamartash, R. 2007. Vegetation changes and some soil chemical properties in pastures with different grazing intensities. Scientific-Research Quarterly Journal of Pasture and Desert Research in Iran. 4: 512-500. (in Persian)
Hui, C.; Shuang-cheng, L. & Yi-li, Z. 2003. impact of road constrauction on vegetation along side QINGHAI-XIZANG highway and railway. Chinese geographical science. 340-346.
Iranejad, M.H.; Sarhangzadeh, J.; Azim Zadeh, H.; Elmi, M.; Hosseini, Z. & Ahadi, F. 2006. Biological capabilities and existing bottlenecks in Siahkoh Ardakan protected area. Environmental Journal. 39:89-100. (in Persian)
Iwara, A.I. ; Gani, B. S.; Adeyemi, J.A. & Ewa, E. E. 2013. Effect of road construction on adjoining soil -properties in Tinapa Resort. south-southern Nigeria. 42-48.
Jafari Haghighi, M. 2003. Methods of soil analysis, sampling and important physical and chemical analyzes with emphasis on theoretical and practical principles. Naday Zahi magazine. 240. (in Persian)
Kang, J. & Ke-Fei, L. 2016. Influence of Highway Construction on Soil Environment within Highway Region. 1351-1363.
Macky, T.; Fakharan, S.& Moradi, H. 2011. Environmental effects of road development on protected areas and national parks of Iran. Department of environment and natural resources. 39-41. (in Persian)
Mesdaghi, M. 2003. Grazing in Iran, Astan Quds Razavi Publishing House, Mashhad, 333. (in Persian)
Mir Davoudi, H.; Marvi Mohajer, M.; Qawamuddin, Z. & etemad, v. 2012. Effect of disturbance on plant diversity and invasive species in oak forests of western Iran (Case study: Dalab forest of Ilam). The scientific-research quarterly of Iran's forest and poplar research. 21(1): 1-16. (in Persian)
Mirza Shahi, K. & Bazargan, K. 2015. Management of organic matter. Ministry of Agriculture. Research organization. Agricultural training and development. Water and Soil Research Institute. Technical magazine. 1(535): 1-19. (in Persian)
Mohammadi, A.; Metinkhah, S., H. & Khajaedin, S., J. 2014. Phenological study of Zygophyllum atriplicoides in Mote region, Isfahan province. Applied Ecology. 3 (10): 1-11. (in Persian)
Mosleh Arani, A.; Bakhshi Khaniki, gh. & Hakimi, A. 2012. Studying the distribution of sodium and proline in three dry species of Rames, Eskanbil and Sabet in Yazd province (Bafaq city). Quarterly scientific-research journal of pasture and desert research in Iran. 19(4): 589. (in Persian)
Murad, S. & kafsh, M. 2001. Investigating the distribution of lime in soils with calcareous parent materials in the climatic conditions of western Iran. Journal of Soil Science, 108-119.(in Persian)
Najafi Ghairi, M.; Kiasi, Y.; Khademi, F.; Mahmoudi, A.; Bostani, H.; Makram, M. & Gholami, M. 2018. Road effects on vegetation and some physical, chemical and usability characteristics of soil elements (case study: Darab- Bandar Abbas road). Journal of Water and Soil Sciences. 22(3): 299-310. (in Persian)
Nik Andish, A.; Dashti, S. & Sabzebaqai, G. 2018. Evaluation of the environmental risks of Karkheh National Park and protected area based on the TOPSIS method. Journal of Spatial Analysis of Environmental Hazards. 5(2): 55-72. (in Persian)
Nishtman, Kh. 2018. Investigating the economic value of the soil protection function of pasture vegetation, Iranian Pasture Association. 1-9. (in Persian)
Pereira, P.; Gimeìnez-Morera, A.; Novara, A.; Keesstra, S.; Jordán, A.; Masto, R.; Brevik, E.; Azorin-Molina, C. & Cerdà, A. 2015. The impact of road and railway embankments on runo_ and soil erosion in eastern Spain. Hydrol, Earth System Sciences. 12: 12947–12985.
Port, G.R. & J.R, Thompson. 1980. Outbreaks of insect herbivores on plants along motorways in the United Kingdom. Journal of Applied Ecology. 17: 649-656.
Pour Babaei, H.; Naqdi, R.; Heydari, M. & Nouri, M. 2015. Investigating the effects of a forest road on vegetation and some physical and chemical properties of the soil, (case study: Shafarood forests, series 2). Ecology of Iran's forests. 22(3): 49-64. (in Persian)
Rahimi, H. 2003. Investigating the environmental role of pastures in sustainable development. 57-49. (in Persian)
Rashtian, A. 2015. Survey of the rural road on the coverage and plant diversity of the central steppe pastures of Iran (Case study: Aliabad pastures of Pishkoh, Yazd province), Journal of Plant Ecosystem Protection, 3(6): 57-68. (in Persian)
Setayesh, B.& Jahandideh, M. 2017. The environmental effects of roads on wildlife and habitats in protected areas of Isfahan province, International Conference on Sustainable Development and Urban Development, 10-1. (in Persian)
Shaofeng, Y.; Jianchun, X. & Lixia, Y. 2006. The impact of Dunhuang railway construction on land desertification. Geographical Sciences. 99-104.
Son, D.; Alday, J.; Chu,Y.; Lee, E.; Park, S. & Lee, H. 2020. Plant species colonization in newly created road habitats of South Korea: Insights for more effective restoration. Science of the Total Environment. 1-9.
Tajamolian, M.; Sodaizadeh, H.; Mosleh Arani, A.; Rudd, M. & Hakimzadeh, M. 2019. Some biochemical changes of two plant species, Rames and Siahtag, in soil salinity conditions in Playa and Arg regions. Desert Management Journal. 14: 1-14. (in Persian)
Tarvidizadeh, H.; Nikoi, M.; Pourbabai, H. & Naqdi, R. 2015. The effects of road construction on the biodiversity and composition of herbaceous plant cover in Islam Forest of Northern Iran. 157-169. (in Persian)
Tavakoli, H.; Paryab, A.; Qadri, G. & Dashti, M. 2005. Investigating the ecological characteristics of Rames plant species, - Journal of Iran's Pasture and Desert Research. 12(3): 1-22. (in Persian)
Van Schagen, J.J.; Hobbs, R.J. & Majer,. J. 1992. Defoliation of trees in roadside corridors and remnant vegetation in the Western Australian wheat belt. Journal of Royal Society West Australia. 75-81.
Wis Karmi, Z.; Pilehvar, B. & Haqizadeh, Ali. 2019. Investigating the impact of human-caused disturbance on vegetation and soil changes in Darmazo forests of Lorestan province. Scientific-research journal of watershed engineering and management. 11(1): 233-251. (in Persian)
Yousefi, S.; Moradi, H.; Boll, J. & Schönbrodt-Stitt, S. 2016. Effects of road construction on soil degradation and nutrient transport in Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests. Geoderma. 284:103-112.