برآورد تغییرات دمای سطح زمین با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره لندست و الگوریتم‌‌های تک‌پنجره، تک‌کانال و پلانک (مطالعه موردی: دشت بجنورد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقلیم شناسی دانشکده جغرافیا و علوم محیطی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، ایران

2 استادیار اقلیم شناسی، گروه اقلیم شناسی، دانشکده جغرافیا و علوم محیطی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، ایران

3 استادیار اقلیم شناسی گروه اقلیم شناسی، دانشکده جغرافیا و علوم محیطی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، ایران

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، ایران

چکیده

دمای سطح زمین (LST) به عنوان یک متغیر مهم در مطالعه میکرو اقلیم و انتقال تابش در جو در نظر گرفته می‌شود، که عوامل محیطی موثر بر الگوهای پوشش زمین را با استفاده از متغیر دما نشان می‌دهد. در این مطالعه، از تصاویر باند حرارتی ماهواره‌‌های لندست 5 و لندست 8 برای برآورد دمای سطح دشت بجنورد استفاده شده است. در ابتدا، فرآیندهای تصحیح هندسی و اتمسفری، محاسبه شاخص پوشش گیاهی، شاخص انتشار سطح زمین، بخار آب موجود در هوا و دمای جو بر اساس کلوین انجام شده است. سپس، با استفاده از نرم‌افزار QGIS، برآورد دمای سطح زمین با استفاده از الگوریتم پلانک، الگوریتم تک پنجره و الگوریتم تک کانال به دست آمده است. نتایج نشان می‌‌دهد که مناطق دارای پوشش گیاهی کمترین دما و بیشترین مقدار دما در مناطق بدون پوشش گیاهی و زمین های بایر ثبت شده است. مقایسه دمای نزدیکترین یاخته با دمای ایستگاه سینوپتیک بجنورد و ایستگاه تبخیر سنجی اسدلی و ایستگاه گریوان نشان می‌‌دهد که دمای به دست آمده از طریق مدل‌های مورد استفاده بالاتر از دمای اندازه‌‌گیری شده در ایستگاه‌‌ها است و مقایسه نقشه‌‌ها نشان می‌‌دهد که بیشترین دمای دوره گرم در زمین‌های بایر حومه بجنورد ثبت شده است. همچنین، بر اساس میانگین خطای مربع (RMSE)، (MAD) و (NS) در میان الگوریتم‌های مورد مطالعه، دمای به دست آمده از الگوریتم تک کانال اختلاف کمتری نسبت به دمای ایستگاه‌‌های موجود نشان می‌‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimating Land surface Temperature Changes Using Landsat Satellite Imagery and Three Algorithms, Mono Window, Single Channel and Planck, Case Study of Bojnourd Plain

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Hoseinzadeh 1
  • Abdolreza Kashki 2
  • Mokhtar Karami 3
  • reza Javidi Sabaghian 4
1 PhD Student of Climatology Hakim Sabzevari University, Iran
2 Assist. Profe. of Climatology Hakim Sabzevari University, Iran
3 Assist. Profe. of Climatology Hakim Sabzevari University, Iran
4 Assist. Profe. of Civil Engineering Hakim Sabzevari University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Land surface temperature (LST) is considered as an important variable in the study of microclimate and radiation transmission in the atmosphere, which shows the environmental factors affecting land cover patterns using the temperature variable. In this study, thermal band images of Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellites have been used to estimate the surface temperature of Bojnourd plain. Initially, the processes of geometric and atmospheric correction, calculation of vegetation index, land emission index, water vapor in the air and atmospheric temperature were performed based on Kelvin. Then, using QGIS software, ground surface temperature estimation is obtained using Planck algorithm, single window algorithm and single channel algorithm. The results show that the areas with vegetation have the lowest temperature and the highest amount of temperature in areas without vegetation and barren lands. Comparison of the temperature of the nearest cell with the temperature of Bojnourd synoptic station and Asadli evaporating station and Grivan station shows that the temperature obtained through the models used is higher than the temperature measured in the stations and shows a comparison of the maps. The highest temperature of the warm period has been recorded in the barren lands of Bojnourd suburbs. Also, based on the mean square error (RMSE), (MAD) and (NS) among the studied algorithms, the temperature obtained from the single channel algorithm shows less difference than the temperature of the existing stations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Land Surface Temperature
  • Bojnourd Plain
  • Planck function
  • Mono Window Algorithm
  • Single Channel Algorithm
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