ارزیابی تغییرات هیدرولوژیکی مصب رودخانه تجن (حوضه جنوبی دریای خزر- استان مازندران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد ‌‌تنوع‌زیستی و مدیریت اکوسیستم‌‌ها، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه ‌‌تنوع‌زیستی و مدیریت اکوسیستم‌‌ها، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، لرستان، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه برنامه ریزی و طراحی محیط ، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

5 رئیس گروه بیولوژی محیط‌زیست دریایی و تالاب ها، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، تهران، ایران

6 رئیس گروه اکولوژی محیط‌زیست دریایی و تالاب ها، سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، تهران، ایران

10.22034/eiap.2023.179289

چکیده

اگرچه مصب‌‌ها به عنوان یکی از حاصلخیزترین اکوسیستم‌‌های دنیا محسوب می‌‌شوند، اما امروز تحت تاثیر تهدیدات گوناگونی هستند که یکی از آن‌ها تغییرات هیدرولوژیک است. در این مطالعه با استفاده از شاخص‌های تغییرات هیدرولوژیکیIHA(1)، تغییرات رژیم هیدرولوژیکی در دو دوره آماری « رژیم جریان طبیعی» و « رژیم جریان تغییر یافته» در ایستگاه هیدرومتری سلیمان تنگه و کردخیل در حوضه آبریز تجن (استان مازندران) بررسی شده است. بر اساس روش IHA، در مجموع 67 پارامتر آماری توسط نرم‌افزار IHA7 برآورد شده است؛ این پارامترها به دو گروه شاخص‌های تغییرات هیدرولوژیکی IHA در محدوده هدف RVA(2) و مولفه جریان ‌‌محیط‌زیستی EFC(3) تقسیم شده است. بر اساس نتایج، روزهای کمینه جریان در دوره قبل از احداث سد 5/227 روز می‌‌باشد، در حالی که در دوره بعد از احداث سد 5/48 روز است و تعداد روز‌‌های زمان وقوع جریان حداقل قبل از احداث سد از 351 روز به 286 روز پس از احداث سد کاهش یافته، بنابراین ‌‌جریان‌ها ی حدی سالانه در رودخانه تجن دچار آشفتگی و تغییرات متوسطی شده‌‌اند. با توجه به این که تغییر در شاخص‌های هیدرولوژیک جریان عمدتاً تحت تاثیر احداث سد بوده بنابراین مدیریت هیدرولوژیکی سد تاثیر به‌سزایی در وضعیت اکولوژیکی مصب تجن خواهد داشت.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Hydrological Changes of Tejan River Estuary (Southern Caspian Sea-Mazandaran Province)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tayebeh Khob 1
  • Hossein Mostafavi 2
  • Hossein Zeinivand 3
  • Hassan Esmaeil zadeh 4
  • Mehdi Blouki 5
  • Mahtab Shojaei 6
1 Master's in Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Rangeland and Watershed Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Environmental Planning and Design Department, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
5 Head of Marine Environment and Wetlands Ecology Department, Environmental Protection Organization, Tehran, Iran
6 Head of the Biology Department of Marine Environment and Wetlands, Environmental Protection Organization, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Although estuaries are considered as one of the most fertile ecosystems in the world, today they are under the influence of various threats and one of them is hydrological changes. In this study, by using the IHA hydrological change indicators, the changes in the hydrological regime in two statistical periods "natural flow regime" and "altered flow regime" were investigated in Soleiman Tange and Kordkheil hydrometric stations in Tejan watershed (Mazandaran province). Based on the IHA method, a total of 67 statistical parameters have been estimated by "IHA7 software"; these parameters are divided into two groups of indicators of (IHA) hydrological changes in the target range of (RVA) and the environmental flow component of EFC. According to the results, the minimum days of flow in the period before the construction of the dam is 227.5 days, while in the period after the construction of the dam, it is 48.5 days, and the number of days when the minimum flow occurs before the construction of the dam is 351 days. It has decreased to 286 days after the construction of the dam, so the annual limit flows in the Tejan River have experienced disturbances and moderate changes. Considering that the change in the hydrological indicators of the flow is mainly influenced by the construction of the dam, therefore the hydrological management of the dam will have a great effect on the ecological condition of the Tejan river estuary.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Estuary
  • Evaluation
  • Indicators of hydrological changes
  • Flow regime
  • Ecology
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