بهسازی محیطی شبکه اکولوژیک در بافت فرسوده شهری با استفاده از متریک‌های سیمای سرزمین(منظر)، مورد پژوهی منطقه 9 شهرداری تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه مهندسی طراحی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، پردیس فنی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی طراحی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست.، پردیس فنی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.22034/eiap.2023.179863

چکیده

امروزه بافت‌های فرسوده درون شهرها از مشکلات کالبدی، فقدان فضای سبزکافی و دسترسی مناسب و ضعف زیر ساخت‌ها رنج می‌برند. برای غلبه بر این مشکلات برخی از محققان، تقویت زیر ساخت‌های شهری از طریق پیوستگی فضاهای باز و سبز شهری درون محیط‌های شهری را به عنوان راه حل مناسب پیشنهاد کرده‌اند. هدف این پژوهش، بهبود ساختار شبکه اکولوژیک فضای سبز منطقه 9 تهران به کمک متریک‌های سیمای سرزمین برای دستیابی به کیفیت بهتر زندگی و ‌محیط‌زیست می‌باشد. نخست با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و نقشه کاربری اراضی شهر تهران داده‌های جغرافیایی مورد نیاز نقشه شبکه درون بافت فرسوده منطقه 9 تهران تهیه گردید. سپس دوسطح کلان (منطقه) و سطح خرد (محلات دستغیب، امامزاده عبدالله، شمشیری، سرآسیاب مهرآباد) برای احیا ‌لکه‌های فضای سبز انتخاب گردید: مهمترین ‌لکه‌های فضای سبز و تغییرات آن‌ها در طی سال‌های 2002 ، 2017 با کمک متریک‌های سیمای سرزمین  CAP, NP,) MNN, MPS, LPI, AWMSI, MSI, PD) در نرم افزار  FRAGSTATS4.2.1محاسبه گردید. با تعیین مهمترین ‌لکه‌های سبز و شناسایی کریدورهای بهینه به کمک تئوری گراف، و مدل حداقل هزینه، لکه‌ها درسطح کلان و خرد شناسایی و اتصال شبکه اکولوژیک در درون بافت فرسوده ایجاد گردید. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که ‌لکه‌های سبز از لحاظ وسعت، تعداد، پیوستگی، ترکیب و توزیع فضایی در منطقه ۹ دچار تخریب و خرد دانگی شده و فاصله بین آن‌ها در سال 2017 افزایش یافته است که حفاظت از حریم رود دره کن، انتقال صنایع مزاحم و آزادسازی برای افزایش پوشش گیاهی و شبکه فضاهای سبز توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Environmental Revitalization of Distressed Urban Fabric Through Landscape Metrics Approach, the Case of District 9th Tehran City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Masnavi 1
  • Masoomeh Mohseni fard Naghani 2
1 Professor of Architecture, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Iran
2 MSc. of Environmental Design, Graduate Faculty of Environment University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Currently, many decayed urban fabric inside the cities suffer from physical problems, lack of sufficient green space and proper accessibility, and weak infrastructure. In order to overcome these problems, some researchers have proposed the creation and strengthening of urban infrastructures through the connection of open and green spaces in urban environments. The aim of this research is to improve the ecological network structure of the green space network of the 9th district of Tehran through landscape metrics, to achieve a better quality of life and improve the environmental conditions in these areas. Based on this, at first, using satellite images and land use map of Tehran city, the required geographical data of the network map within the decayed fabric of the 9th district of Tehran was prepared. And then two levels were chosen to restore the green patches: the macro level (Teheran District 9) where the most important green spaces and their changes during the years 2002, 2017 with the help of landscape metrics (CAP, NP, MNN, MPS, LPI, AWMSI, MSI, PD) was calculated in FRAGSTATS 4.2.1 software; and the micro level was considered: distressed urban fabric of neighborhoods such as Dastgheyb, Imamzade Abdullah, Shamshiri, Sar Asiyab Mehrabad. By determining the most important green patches and identifying the optimal corridors based on the resistance of the landscape at the macro level and with the help of graph theory and the minimum cost model, these spaces were connected at the macro level and then at the micro level, creating an ecological network within the urban fabric. The findings of the research show that the green patches in terms of size, number, continuity, composition and spatial distribution in Region 9 have suffered severe destruction. And the fragmentation of green spaces and the distance between them has increased in 2017. It is recommended to protect the privacy of the Kan River, transfer the industries from the area and release their spaces to increase the open spaces and vegetation and the network of green spaces in the open spaces of district 9.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Distressed fabric green space network
  • Landscape metrics
  • Graph theory
  • Landscape ecology
  • District 9 of Tehran

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پژوهش های محیط زیست
دوره 14، شماره 27
مجله پژوهشی
شهریور 1402
صفحه 253-266

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