شناسایی خوشه‌‌های صنعتی و تعیین پهنه‌‌های مناسب توسعه صنعتی با استفاده از مدل‌‌های تصمیم‌‌گیری چند معیاره در محیط GIS (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان‌‌های گرگان، گنبدکاووس و آق‌‌قلا در استان گلستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری ارزیابی و آمایش سرزمین، دانشگاه علوم و کشاورزی منابع‌طبیعی گرگان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط‌زیست، گروه محیط‌زیست، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشگاه علوم و کشاورزی منابع طبیعی گرگان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، گروه محیط‌زیست، گرگان، ایران

3 استاد، دانشگاه علوم و کشاورزی منابع طبیعی گرگان، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، گروه محیط‌زیست، گرگان، ایران

4 استادیار، دانشگاه گلستان، دانشکده علوم انسانی، گروه اقتصاد، گلستان، ایران

10.22034/eiap.2023.179866

چکیده

امروزه توسعه روز افزون جامعه شهری، متاثر از رشد جمعیت و مهاجرت، به ساخت و سازهای بدون برنامه‌‌ریزی و گسترش مهار نشدنی شهرها منجر شده است. در این میان بخش صنعت یکی از مهمترین عواملی است که تاثیر و توان زیادی در تمرکز جمعیت و فعالیت‌‌های مختلف و در نتیجه تسریع روند رشد داشته و تغییرات زیادی در سیمای سرزمین به وجود آورده است. عدم توجه مناسب به برنامه‌‌ریزی فضایی منطقه‌‌ای، اغلب باعث می‌‌شود مناطق صنعتی به شکل برنامه‌‌ریزی نشده در فضای منطقه‌‌ای پخش ‌‌شوند و ناپایداری توسعه را به ارمغان آورند. هدف اصلی این مطالعه شناسایی خوشه‌‌های صنعتی و تعیین پهنه‌‌های بهینه توسعه صنایع است. در این مطالعه با استفاده از اطلاعات آماری و با به‌‌کارگیری روش‌‌های آنالیز ضریب مکانی، اثرات تجمعی و رقابتی صنایع، خوشه‌‌های صنعتی شهرستان های گرگان، گنبدکاووس و آق قلا شناسایی شدند. سپس، با استفاده از 16 شاخص به عنوان فاکتور و محدودیت در قالب مدل تصمیم‌‌گیری WLC و OWA در محیط GIS به مکان‌‌یابی پهنه‌‌های مناسب استقرار صنایع پرداخته شد. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش، پنج خوشه صنعتی صنایع مواد غذایی و آشامیدنی، چوب و محصولات چوبی بجز مبل، تولید کاغذ و محصولات کاغذی، ساخت فرآورده‌‌های نفتی تصفیه شده و ساخت مواد و محصولات شیمیایی در منطقه مطالعاتی شناسایی شدند. یافته‌‌های پژوهش نشان می‌‌دهد پهنه‌‌های مناسب جهت استقرار صنایع، حوزه‌‌های مجاور سکونت‌‌گاه‌‌های شهری، به دلیل مزیت جغرافیایی، نزدیکی به زیرساخت‌‌های شهری و سهولت دسترسی به نیروی انسانی می‌‌باشند. شهرستان‌‌های گنبدکاووس و آق‌‌قلا به‌‌ترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین مساحت پهنه‌‌های مناسب مکان‌‌گزینی توسعه صنعتی بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of Industrial Clusters and Suitable Industrial Development Zones Using Multi- Criteria Decision Making Models in GIS (Case study: Gorgan, Gonbad- Kavus and Aq- Qala Townships in Golestan Province of Iran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Hasani 1
  • Ali Reza Mikaeili Tabrizi 2
  • Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny 3
  • Hassan Daliri 4
1 PhD of Land use Planning, Dept. of the Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan Province, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Dept. of the Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan Province, Iran
3 Professor, Dept. of the Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan Province, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Faculty of the Humanities, Golestan University, Gorgan, Golestan Provice, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, the urban community has been affected by population growth and migration, which collectively have led to unplanned construction and unrestrained urban expansion. In the meantime, the industrial sector is one of the most important factors that have a great impact on the concentration of population and activities, and thus accelerates the growth process and creates a plethora of changes in the landscape. The lack of proper attention to regional spatial planning often leads to unplanned expansion of industrial areas, and it can cause instability. The main objectives of this study are to identify industrial clusters and determine the optimal areas for industrial development. In this study, using statistical information and applying localization coefficient (LQ) analysis, cumulative and competitive effects of industrial clusters of Gorgan, Gonbad-Kavus and Aq-Qala Townships were identified. Then, using 16 indicators as factors and constraints for the Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) and Order Weighted Average (OWA) decision making models in GIS, the optimum locations of the industries were identified. According to the results, five industrial clusters including food and beverage industries, wood and wood products except sofa, paper and paper products production, production of refined petroleum products and manufacturing of materials and chemical products were identified in the study area. The research findings show that adjacent areas to urban settlements, due to geographical advantage, proximity to urban infrastructures and comfortable accessibility to human resources, are suitable areas for the establishment of industries. Furthermore, the cities of Gonbad-Kavus and Aq-Qala had the highest and the lowest areas of the suitable zones for industrial development, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Industrial clusters
  • Localization coefficients
  • Multi-criteria decision making models
  • Site selection
  • GIS

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پژوهش های محیط زیست
دوره 14، شماره 27
مجله پژوهشی
شهریور 1402
صفحه 285-304

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