ارزیابی اثرات ‌محیط‌زیستی سدها بر نواحی روستایی (مورد مطالعه: سد کارون سه)

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه اصفهان

2 دانشگاه جیرفت

3 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

هدف این تحقیق ارزیابی اثرات ‌محیط‌زیستی سد کارون سه بر نواحی روستایی، به عنوان بزرگترین سد قوسی خاورمیانه در بخش دهدز شهرستان ایذه و یکی از بزرگترین نیروگاه‌های برق‌آبی کشور است. تحقیق از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی و مبتنی بر تحقیقات کاربردی می‌‌باشد. برای جمع آوری داده‌ها، اثرات اصلی شناخته شد و توسط کارشناسان، وزن دهی و اهمیت آنها مشخص شد. سپس از طریق پرسش نامه، این اثرات در 12روستا مطالعه شد. جامعه آماری، 3062 نفر بوده است. با توجه به جامعه آماری و با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، نمونه آماری، 245 نفر انتخاب و پرسشگری به روش تصادفی انجام شد. در نهایت جهت تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، از مدل ویکور استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که سد کارون3 اثرات ‌محیط‌زیستی عمده‌ای را ایجاد نموده است. بر اساس دیدگاه مردم و کارشناسان، 10 مورد مهمتر تشخیص داده شد. از جمله این اثرات شامل تخریب جنگل‌های بلوط، افزایش مرگ و میر آبزیان و کاهش تنوع آنها، افزایش اراضی شور کشاورزی، تغییر آب و هوا در مقیاس خرد، گرم شدن منطقه و وقوع زمین لرزه‌ها هستند. همچنین، بر اساس مدل ویکور روستاهای باجول و رکعت علیا، در رتبه اول و دوم قرار بیشترین تاثیرپذیری از سد کارون سه قرار می گیرند. بنابراین، روستاهای مذکور نیازمند باید تمرکز مدیریتی در زمینه محیط زیست هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Environmental Impacts of Dams on Rural Areas (Case Study: Karun III Dam)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hojatolah eghiSad 1
  • Hamid Barghi 1
  • Amin Dehghani 2
  • Majid Saeidi rad 3
1 University of Isfahan
2 Jiroft university
3 University of Shahid Beheshti
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental impacts of Karun III Dam in Izdeh district on rural areas as the largest arch dam in the Middle East and one of the largest hydroelectric powerplants in the country. The research is descriptive-analytical and based on applied research. The main effects were identified and their weighting and importance were specified by experts. Then, through a questionnaire, these effects were studied in 12 villages. The statistical population comprised 3062 people and using Cochran formula, 245 people were selected and questioned randomly. Finally, Vikor model was used for data analysis. The results showed that the environmental effects of Karun III Dam had been major. According to the opinion of the people and experts, 10 issues were identified as most important. These included the destruction of oak forests, increasing aquatic mortality and decreasing aquatic diversity, increasing saline agricultural lands, micro-climate change and warming of the region, and earthquakes. Also based on the Vikor model, the villages of Bajul and Upper Rekhat respectively were the first and the second impacted by the Karun III Dam. Therefore, managemers should focus on the environment of these villages.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Effects
  • Environment
  • Dam
  • Karun
  • Rural areas

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http://fa.wikipedia.org/wikiکارون سه/ سد
پژوهش های محیط زیست
دوره 10، شماره 19
مجله ترویجی
شهریور 1398
صفحه 129-145

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