شاخص‌های توسعه و رابطه آن با عملکرد ‌محیط‌زیستی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه پیام نور

2 آموزش و پرورش مریوان

چکیده

توسعه و ارتقای استانداردها و عملکرد‌های محیط‌زیستی جوامع وابسته به توسعه‌یافتگی اقتصادی، اجتماعی و سیاسی آنهاست. در این چارچوب پژوهش حاضر ضمن بررسی مهمترین عوامل تاثیرگذار بر عملکرد محیط‌زیستی، به ارزیابی جایگاه ایران در مقایسه با کشورهای OECD، خاورمیانه و میانگین جهانی پرداخته است. از نظر روش‌شناختی، این پژوهش با استفاده از تحلیل ثانویه داده‌های جهانی در فاصله سال‌های 2006 تا 2016 به اجرا درآمده است. یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از این است که ایران از نظر شاخص عملکرد محیط‌زیستی (EPI) بعد از کشورهای «OECD» در جایگاه دوم قرار گرفته و عملکردی بهتر از کشورهای «خاورمیانه» و «میانگین جهانی» دارد. کشورهای «OECD» که در همه شاخص‌های توسعه جایگاه برتری دارند، از نظر EPI نیز بهترین عملکرد را دارند. «ایران» در شاخص‌هایی مانند «آموزش»، «درآمد»، «سلامت» و «نرخ رشد جمعیت» پایین‌تر از کشورهای OECD و بالاتر از «خاومیانه و «میانگین جهانی» قرار دارد. با وجود این در شاخص‌هایی مانند «کاربرد ICTها»، شاخص «برابری جنسیتی» و شاخص «دموکراسی» جایگاهی پایین‌تر از همه کشورها دارد. با استناد به نتایج می‌توان استدلال کرد که عملکرد محیط‌زیستی کشورها متاثر از توسعه‌یافتگی آنها در شاخص‌های اقتصادی (مانند درآمد)، شاخص‌های اجتماعی (از قبیل آموزش، برابری جنسیتی، نرخ رشد جمعیت، سلامت و کاربرد ICT‌ها) و شاخص‌های توسعه سیاسی (مانند شاخص دموکراسی) است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Development Indexes and its Relation with the Environmental Performance

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamed Shiri 1
  • Serwa Okhrati 2
1 Payame Noor University
2 Organization, Marivan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The development and enhancement of the environmental standards and performances of a community depend on its economic, social and political development. The current research aims to examine this hypothesis and investigate the most significant factors affecting the Environmental Performance Index (EPI). Methodologically, this research is carried out based on the secondary analysis of global data gathered between the years 2006 and 2016. The EPI in Iran has the second rank after the OECD countries, and has had a better performance compared to the Middle East countries and the Global Average. The OECD countries have the first rank in all the development indexes, as well as the EPI. Iran, on the other hand, ranks below the OECD countries and above the Middle East ones and the Global Average in the education, income, health, and population growth rate indexes. In indexes such as the usage of ICTs, gender equality and democracy it ranks below the Middle East countries and the Global Average. The research indicates the influence of economic development indexes (e.g. the income), social development indexes (e.g. the education, gender equality, population growth rate, health status and usage of ICTs), and political development indexes (e.g. democracy index) on the EPI.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environment
  • Environmental performance
  • Environmental development
  • Development indexes
  • Iran
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