بررسی اثر تغییر کاربری/ پوشش اراضی بر عرضه خدمات زیستگاهی (مطالعه موردی: منطقه حفاظت‌شده ارس سیستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه اردکان

چکیده

تنوع‌زیستی طی ۶۰ سال گذشته، کاهش شدیدتری در مقایسه با هر زمان در تاریخ بشر را تجربه کرده است. از آنجایی که کاهش تنوع‌زیستی همواره با تخریب اکوسیستم همراه است بنابراین، به نوبه خود بر رفاه انسان از طریق نبود مزایای خدمات اکوسیستمی که اکوسیستم‌ها فراهم می‌کنند، تاثیر می‌گذارد. اکوسیستم‌‌ها با عرضه خدمات زیستگاهی به حفظ تنوع‌زیستی در سطوح مختلف تنوع‌‌زیستی کمک می‌‌کنند. در این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثرات تغییر کاربری/ پوشش اراضی بر عرضه خدمات زیستگاه در منطقه حفاظت‌‌شده ارس سیستان در خراسان رضوی، اقدام به مدل‌‌سازی کیفیت زیستگاه این منطقه برای بازه زمانی 30 ساله توسط بسته نرم‌افزاری InVEST شد. نتایج نشان داد که سطح طبقات اراضی باغی، زراعی و مسکونی 64 درصد، مراتع تنک 6 درصد و ارس متراکم 6 درصد کاهش و طبقات مراتع نیمه متراکم 15 درصد و ارس نیمه متراکم 1 درصد افزایش یافته است. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که کیفیت زیستگاه طی 30 سال گذشته حدود 12000 هکتار کاهش یافته است. به عبارت دیگر اراضی تحت پوشش زیستگاه‌‌های با کیفیت از 98/36 به 95/25 درصد کاهش یافته‌‌ است و 29253 هکتار از منطقه (حدود 26 درصد) دارای شاخص کمیابی متوسط و 2405 هکتار از منطقه (2/2 درصد) دارای شاخص کمیابی بالا می‌‌باشد که این موضوع لزوم حفاظت هرچه بیشتر از زیستگاه‌‌های این منطقه را نشان می‌‌هد. بر اساس بررسی‌‌های انجام شده، مهمترین عوامل تاثیرگذار بر خدمات زیستگاهی و در نتیجه حیات‌وحش این منطقه را می‌توان به عواملی از قبیل تخریب زیستگاه، شکار غیرمجاز، چرای احشام، آغل‌‌ها، حضور سگ‌‌های گله و خشکسالی‌‌های اخیر اشاره نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of the Effect of Land Change / Land Cover on the Supply of Habitat Services (Case Study: Ors Sistan Protected Area)

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad sarbaz
  • maryam morovati
  • mahdi tazeh
University ,Ardakan
چکیده [English]

Diversity has experienced a sharp decline over the past 60 years compared to any time in human history. Reducing biodiversity is associated with the degradation of ecosystems, which in turn affects human well-being through the lack of ecosystem service benefits that ecosystems provide. Ecosystems contribute to the conservation of biodiversity at various levels of diversity through the provision of habitat services. The results showed that the lands of garden, agronomic and residential lands were 64%, 6% trench rangelands and 6% reduction of ors and 6%. And semi- dense rangelands of 15% and semi-dense ors 1% increased. The results showed that the lands of garden, agronomic and residential lands were 64%, 6% trench rangelands and 6% ors was Decreased. And semi-condensing rangelands, 15% and semi-dense ors 1% increased. The results showed that the quality of habitat has dropped by about 12,000 hectares over the past 30 years, in other words, the areas covered by quality habitats dropped from 36.98 to 25.25 percent. The results showed that the quality of habitat has dropped by about 12,000 hectares over the past 30 years, in other words, the areas covered by quality habitats dropped from 36.98 to 25.25 percent and 29253 ha of the region (about 26%) had a moderate scarcity index and2405 ha of the region (2.2%) with a high scarcity index, which required the further protection of the habitats of this area. Based on the findings of this study, the most important factors affecting the habitat services and as a result of the wildlife of this region Can be expressed factors such as habitat destruction, unauthorized hunting, cattle grazing, corral, The presence of flock dogs and recent droughts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Habitat quality
  • Protected area of Ors Sistan
  • Change in usage
  • InVEST
  • Habitat service
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