ارزیابی اثرات محیط‌زیستی توسعه بر جغرافیای منطقه شکار ممنوع الوند با ارایه راهبردهای بهینه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای پژوهشکده علوم محیطی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه برنامه‌ریزی و طراحی محیطی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران، ایران

چکیده

از مناطقی که نیاز به پایش مداوم دارند، مناطق تحت حفاظت می‌باشند که ضرورت ارزیابی اثرات محیط‌زیستی توسعه در این مناطق را الزامی می‌دارد. برای برنامه‌ریزی راهبردی و ارزیابی اثرات ‌محیط‌زیستی توسعه در منطقه شکار ممنوع الوند از مدل‌های تخریب ‌محیط‌زیست و SWOT-ANP استفاده شد. ابتدا آسیب‌پذیری بوم‌شناختی در هر یک از واحد‌های شبکه، محاسبه و طبقه‌بندی شد. سپس با استفاده از نقشه‌های توپوگرافی، مشاهده‌های میدانی، نظر کارشناسان و جوامع محلی، 13 واحد تخریب در کل منطقه شناسایی و شدت آن‌ها تعیین گردید. در نهایت با استفاده از ضرایب تخریب به دست آمده، منطقه به 3 پهنهء، نیازمند اقدامات حفاظتی (01/56 درصد)، نیازمند بازسازی (41/35 درصد) و مستعد توسعه (49/8 درصد) طبقه بندی گردید. با وجود مناطق مستعد توسعه درجه 1، بر اساس شرایط محلی و در نظر گرفتن مسایل اجتماعی- اقتصادی، امکان توسعه بیشتر در منطقه وجود ندارد. در ادامه جهت برنامه‌ریزی راهبردی، نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت‌ها و تهدیدها شناسایی شد و با توجه به نظر کارشناسان هر یک وزن‌دهی (ANP) و مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. نتایج وزن‌دهی نشان داد که عوامل داخلی با امتیاز 631/0 به عنوان عامل اصلی ارایه راهبردهای حفاظتی در منطقه، و راهبرد تهاجمی-رقابتی با بیشترین امتیاز (340/0)، به عنوان راهبرد بهینه انتخاب گردید. علاوه بر این نقاط قوت موجود برای حفاظت در منطقه بیشتر از نقاط ضعف و نقاط فرصت نیز بیشتر از نقاط تهدید می‌باشد و با ارایه راهبردهای بهینه می‌توان به بهبود در وضعیت حفاظتی منطقه و ارتقاء مدیریتی آن کمک نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Environmental Impacts Assessment of Development on the Geography of Alvand No-Hunting Area by Providing Optimal Strategies

نویسندگان [English]

  • parvaneh sobhani 1
  • Hassan Esmaeilzadeh 2
1 Ph. D Student, Environmental Sciences Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof. of Environmental Planning and Design, Environmental Sciences Institute, Shahid Beheshti University. Tehran . Iran
چکیده [English]

Areas that need continuous monitoring, are protected areas which necessitates the need for ‎environmental impact assesment of development in these areas. For strategic planning and ‎environmental impact assessment of development in the Alvand no-hunting area, the environmental ‎degradation and SWOT-ANP models were used. First, ecological vulnerability in each of ‎the network units was calculated and classified and then using topographic maps, field observations, ‎experts' opinions, and local communities, 13 degradation units were identified in the whole area and ‎its severity Was determined. Finally, using obtained coefficients of degradation, the area was ‎classified into 3 zones, which need protection measures (56.01%), need reconstruction (35.41%), and ‎development potential (8.49%). Despite the potential for grade 1 development, based on local ‎conditions and socio-economic issues, there is no possibility of further development in the area. ‎Then, for strategic planning in the area, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were ‎identified, and then according to opinion of experts, each weighting (ANP) and were compared. ‎The weighting results indicated that internal factors with a total score of 0.631 were selected as ‎main factor in providing protection strategies in the area, and an Aggressive strategy with the ‎highest score (0.340) in the area was selected as optimal strategy. In addition, existing ‎strengths for protection in the area are more than weaknesses, and also opportunities are more than ‎threats, and providing optimal strategies can help improve the protection situation of the area and ‎improve its management. ‎
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geography of protected areas
  • Environmental Impact Assessment
  • Destruction model
  • Alvand no- hunting area
  • SWOT-ANP model
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