تحلیل کنش متقابل مطالبات، قدرت، مشارکت و تضاد ذی‌نفعان در مدیریت بحران آب در حوضه زاینده‌رود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 دکتری سازه‌های آبی، شرکت آب منطقه‌‌ای استان اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

10.22034/eiap.2022.159328

چکیده

همزمان با روند روبه رشد بحران آب حوضه زاینده‌رود، مناقشات بسیاری در این حوضه بوجود آمده و در حال تشدید است. در این میان تضاد بین ذی‌نفعان مختلف حوضه می‌تواند تنش و درگیری بین آن‌‌ها را افزایش دهد. لازم است مشخص شود چه عواملی به این تضادها مرتبط بوده و راهبردهایی برای مدیریت این تضادها بکارگرفته شود. هدف این پژوهش بررسی بر هم‌‌کنش عوامل مطالبات، قدرت، مشارکت و تضاد بین ذی‌نفعان مختلف در این حوضه بود. در این مطالعه از یک روش‌‌شناسی کیفی مبتنی بر نظریه داده بنیاد و ترسیم الگوی تضاد بین ذی‌نفعان استفاده شد و داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با مدیران و کارشناسان مرتبط با مدیریت و بهره‌‌برداری از منابع آب حوضه آبریز بدست آمد. مطالعه نشان داد که منافع ذی‌نفعان حوضه آبریز متفاوت بوده که موجب شکل‌گیری تضاد و بی اعتمادی آن‌‌ها به یکدیگر درون زیرحوضه‌ها و بین زیرحوضه‌ها شده‌‌است. همچنین این تضادها ارتباط متقابلی با تقاضا و مشارکت موجود ذی‌نفعان، بویژه مشارکت جوامع محلی و کنشگران بیرونی (بویژه برنامه‌ریزان و سیاست‌‌گذاران) در طرح‌های مدیریت منابع آب و مدیریت تضاد داشت که می‌تواند برنامه‌‌های آتی را تحت تاثیر جدی قرار دهد. از سوی دیگر، قدرت و نفوذ برخی از ذی‌نفعان در مراکز سیاست‌‌گذاری و قانون‌گذاری یا سازمان‌های تصمیم‌گیرنده کلیدی بر شدت تضاد و مشارکت افراد در مدیریت بحران آب تاثیرگذار بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Interaction of Stakeholders’ Demands, Power, Participation and Conflicts over the Water Use and Management in the Zayandehrud Basin

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ladan Naderi 1
  • Esmail Karami dehkordi 2
  • Mehrdad Moghadas 3
  • Mohammad Badsar 4
1 PhD Student of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development Department, University of Zanjan, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Agricultural Extension and Education Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran
3 PhD in Hydraulic Structures, Isfahan Regional Water Organization, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development Department, University of Zanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The conflicts among the stakeholders of the Zayandehrud Basin have raised and are escalating simultaneously with the growing trend of water demand and crisis in this basin. In the meantime, these conflicts can increase and provoke tensions and hostilities among stakeholders. It is necessary to understand what factors are interrelated to these conflicts and to use strategies to manage these encounters. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of stakeholders’ demand, power, participation and conflicts over water use and management in the basin. The study used a qualitative methodology based on the Grounded Theory and the conflict pattern mapping of stakeholders in which data were collected through semi-structured interviews with managers and experts related to the water resources use and management in the area. The study indicated that stakeholders’ interests in the basin were different, causing formation and escalation of conflicts and mistrust among interested parties either within or between the sub-basins. Moreover, these conflicts were interrelated to the existing demand and involvement of stakeholders, particularly the participation of local communities and external actors and especially planners and policy makers in water resources management and conflict management projects. These factors can have serious impacts on future programs. On the other hand, the power and influence of some stakeholders in policy making and legislative centers or key decision-making organizations have affected the intensity of conflict and decreased participation of stakeholders in water crisis management.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Conflict
  • Demand
  • Participation
  • Water resources management
  • Stakeholders
  • Power
  • Zayandehrud Basin
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