پژوهش های محیط زیست

پژوهش های محیط زیست

رتبه‌بندی ایران بر اساس شاخص جامعه پایدار و بررسی روند آن به کمک روش تاپسیس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استاد، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده شیلات و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی گرگان، ایران
2 دکتری علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده شیلات و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی گرگان، ایران
10.22034/eiap.2025.229956
چکیده
شاخص جامعه پایدار از 22 نمایه دربرگیرنده رفاه انسان، رفاه اقتصادی و رفاه محیط‌زیستی برای کشورهای جهان از سال 2006 تا 2016 در دسترس است. به کمک این داده‌ها و روش تاپسیس همراه با حساسیت‌سنجی، رتبه ایران برای این شاخص در مقایسه با شش کشور منتخب منطقه محاسبه شد و روند تغییرات آن نیز بررسی شد. مراحل اجرای تاپسیس و حساسیت‌سنجی در نرم‌افزار نوشته شده در پایتون با رابط کاربر آسان اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که در دو سال 2006 و 2016 میلادی وضعیت ایران از نظر شاخص جامعه پایدار در رتبه پنجم در مقایسه با کشورهای منتخب منطقه بود، حال آن که در سال 2010 در رتبه دوم قرار داشت. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد این رتبه‌بندی به شکل کلی در طی سال‌های 2006 تا 2016 برای ایران روند کاهشی داشته است. حساسیت‌سنجی با تغییر 50 درصدی در وزن‌های 22 نمایه مورد استفاده و تکرار 100000 بار در نرم‌افزار نشان داد نتایج حاصل از تاپسیس قبل و بعد از حساسیت‌سنجی تغییر چندانی نمی‌کند و این موضوع گویای قابلیت اتکای نتایج و داده‌های خام مورد استفاده است. همچنین، نرم‌افزار پایتون نوشته شده نقش خود را به خوبی در تسهیل انجام محاسبات نشان داد. به‌نظر می‌رسد طی دوره مورد بررسی تنزل یا ارتقای رتبه ایران از نظر شاخص جامعه پایدار بیشتر ناشی از نمایه‌های غذای کافی، توزیع درآمد و بدهی عمومی بوده است. از این‌رو، دولت و سازمان‌های مرتبط می‌توانند با تمرکز بر این نمایه‌‌ها موجب ارتقای وضعیت ایران از نظر این شاخص شوند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Ranking Iran for Sustainable Society Index and Its Trend Using TOPSIS

نویسندگان English

Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny 1
Zahra Ebrahimi Monfared 2
Zahra Parvar 2
Razieh Donyavi 2
Hadi Rahimi 2
Maedeh Ramezani 2
Neda Shiasi 2
Seyedeh Farahnaz Vesali 2
1 Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
2 PhD in Environmental Science and Engineering, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
چکیده English

Sustainable society index (SSI) includes 22 indicators covering human wellbeing, economic wellbeing and environmental wellbeing of 153 countries. Using SSI data for the years 2006 to 2016 in TOPSIS with sensitivity analysis, rank of Iran and six selected countries were calculated and compared. The calculations were implemented in the developed Python software package PYSIS with easy interface. Results showed that in the year’s 2006 and 2016 Iran ranked 5th compared to the selected countries whereas in the year 2010 Iran enjoyed the second rank. During the study period Iran suffered a general downward trend in terms of SSI. Sensitivity analysis using 50% change in weights of the 22 indicators and 100,000 iterations in the PYSIS software indicated relative stability of the results and reliability of the data. The PYSIS software showed its capability for the required calculations including sensitivity analyses. It seems that for the studied period decrease or increase in the rank of Iran for SSI were mainly related to the indicators sufficient food, income distribution and public debt. Hence, the government and relevant bodies can focus on these selected indicators for increasing the SSI rank of the country.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Sustainable Society Index
Iran
TOPSIS
Change trend
Sensitivity Analysis
Python
Asici, A.A., & Acar, S. 2016. Does income growth relocate ecological footprint? Ecological Indicators. 61, 707–714.
Biswas, P., Pramanik, S., & Giri, B.C. 2018. TOPSIS strategy for multi-attribute decision making with trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers. Neutrosophic Sets and Systems. 19, 29–39.
Camelia, B., &Vasile, B. 2017. CONSEQUENCES OF ORGANIC FARMING ON THE SUSTAINABLE SOCIETY-ROMANIA AND EU. Annals of'Constantin Brancusi'University of Targu-Jiu. Economy Series. (1).
Department of the Environment of United Kingdom. Indicators of Sustainable Development for the United Kingdom. HMSO: London, UK, 1994.
Ding, L., Shao, Z., Zhang, H., Xu, C. & Wu, D. 2016. A Comprehensive Evaluation of Urban Sustainable Development in China Based on the TOPSIS-Entropy Method. Sustainability. doi:10.3390/su8080746. 8(8), 746.
Fan, W., Meng, M. & Zhou, C. 2024. Research on the impact of economic development and environmental security on human well-being in typical cities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Environment, Development and Sustainability, doi 10.1007/s10668-024-04560-2.
Hwang, C.L., & Yoon, K. 1981. Multiple attribute decision making. Springer. New York.
Kaivo-oja, J., Panula-Ontto, J., Luukkanen, J., &Vehmas, J. 2014. Relationships of the dimensions of sustainability as measured by the Sustainable Society Index framework. The International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology. 21, 39-45. doi:10.1080/13504509.2013.860056.
Larson, P. D. 2021. Relationships between Logistics Performance and Aspects of Sustainability: A Cross-Country Analysis. Sustainability. 13(2), 623. doi:10.3390/su13020623.
Leonelli, R.C.B. 2012. Enhancing a decision support tool with sensitivity analysis, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Manchester, 143 pp.
Luukkanen, J., Kaivo-oja, J., Vähäkari, N., O’Mahony, T. & Korkeakoski, M., PanulaOntto, J., Phonhalath, K., Nanthavong, K., Reincke, K., Vehmas, J. and Hogarth, N.J. 2019. Green economic development in Lao PDR: A sustainability window analysis of Green Growth Productivity and the Efficiency Gap. Journal of Cleaner Production. 211, 818-829. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.149.
Makhtari Malekabadi, R., Marsousi, N., Hosseini, S.A., & Gholami, M. 2014. Assessment of socio-cultural sustainability indicators in extractive cities (Case study: Asaluyeh extractive city). Journal of Urban Research and Planning, 5(19), 91–110.  (In Persian)
Meshkini, A., Borhani, K., & Shaban Zadeh Nemini, R. (2013). Spatial analysis for assessing urban social sustainability. Iranian Geographical Society International Quarterly, 39, 186–211.
Michalos, A.C., & Hatch, P.M. 2020. Good Societies, Financial Inequality and Secrecy, and a Good Life: from Aristotle to Piketty. Applied Research in Quality of Life. 15(4), 1005-54.
Mohamadi, S. & Sobhani, N. 2018. Evaluation ofSustainableDevelopment Indicators in the Middle Eastwith an emphasisOn Country Iran. Geographical Planning of Space, 8(28): 99-114.  (In Persian)
Nastaran, M., Ghasemi, V., & Hadizadeh Zargar, S. (2013). Assessment of social sustainability indicators using Analytic Network Process (ANP). Journal of Applied Sociology, 24(3), 155–173.  (In Persian)
Pak, A,. & Farajzadeh, M. 2007. Iran’s Integrated Coastal Management plan: Persian Gulf, Oman Sea, and southern Caspian Sea coastlines. ELSEVIER. doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2007.03.006
Pramanik, S., Biswas, P., & Giri, B.C. 2017. Hybrid vector similarity measures and their applications to multi-attribute decision making under neutrosophic environment. Neural Computing and Applications. 28(5): 1163–1176. doi: 10.1007/s00521-015-2125-3
Pranab, B., Surapati, S., & Bibhas, C.G. 2018. TOPSIS Strategy for Multi-Attribute Decision Making with Trapezoidal Neutrosophic Numbers, Neutrosophic Sets and Systems. 19: 29-39.
Rajabi, A. & Sobhani, N. 2016. Analysis of Sustainability index among Asian countries. Human Geography Research, 48(4): 733-749, doi 10.22059/jhgr.2016.53397. (In Persian)
Rahim, R., Nurarif, S., Ramadhan, M., Aisyah, S. & Purba, W. 2017. Comparison Searching Process of Linear, Binary and Interpolation Algorithm. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 930. doi :10.1088/1742-6596/930/1/012007
Rodrıguez-Rosa, M., Gallego-Alvarez, I., Vicente-Galindo, P. & Galindo-Villardon, P. 2017. Are Social, Economic and Environmental Well-Being Equally Important in all Countries Around the World? A Study by Income Levels. Social Indicators Research. doi: 10.1007/s11205-016-1257-x.
Roghanian, E., & Shakeri Kebria, Z. 2017. The combination of TOPSIS method and Dijkstra’s algorithm in multi-attribute routing. Scientia Iranica. 24(5):2540-9.
Roy, S., Bose, A., Basak, D. & Chowdhury, I.R. 2024. Towards sustainable society: the sustainable livelihood security (SLS) approach for prioritizing development and understanding sustainability: an insight from West Bengal, India. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26(8): 20095-20126.
Saisana, M., & Philippas, D. 2012. Sustainable society index (SSI): taking societies’pulse along social, environmental and economic issues. Environmental Impact Assessment Review. 32, 94–106.
Sajadi, Z., Afrasiabi Rad, M., Tavakolinia, J., & Yousefi, H. 2019. A review of the evolution of sustainable development and environmental performance indicators and Iran's position in the world. Environment and Development, 10(19), 47–60. (In Persian)
Seppälä, J., Leskinen, P., & Myllyviita,T. 2017. Expert panel weighting and aggregation of the Sustainable Society Index (SSI) 2010–a decision analysis approach. Sustainable Development 25(4), 322-335.
Singh, R.K., Murty, H.R., Gupta, S.K., & Dikshit, A.K., 2009. An overview of sustainability assessment methodologies. Ecological Indicators. 9(2), 189-212.
Strezov, V., Evans, A., & Evans, T.J. 2016. Assessment of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of the indicators for sustainable development. Sustainable Development. 25 (3), 242–253. Doi:10.1002/sd.1649.
Sustainable Society Foundation, 2016. Sustainability and the SSI. http://www.ssfindex.com/ssi/ssi-2016/ (accessed 10 June 2019).
Ulman, S.-R., Mihai, C. & Cautisanu, C. 2020. Peculiarities of the Relation between Human and Environmental Wellbeing in Different Stages of National Development. Sustainability, 12(19), doi 10.3390/su12198106
Van de Kerk, G. 2014. Sustainable Society Index, Tool for Measuring Well-Being. In A. C. Michalos (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research (pp. 6516-6525). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
Van de Kerk, G. & Manuel, A. R. 2008. A comprehensive index for a sustainable society: The SSI—the Sustainable Society Index. Ecological Economics. 66(2-3): 228-242.
Vaezzadeh, S., Naghdi, A., & Eyaseh, A. 2015. Social sustainability components in Iran's development programs. Iranian Journal of Social Development Studies, 7(2), 45–59.  (In Persian)
Wang, Z., Hao, H., Gao, F., Zhang, Q., Zhang, J. & Zhou, Y. 2019. Multi-attribute decision making on reverse logistics based on DEA-TOPSIS: a study of the Shanghai End-of-life vehicles industry. Journal of Cleaner Production. 214, 730–737.
Witulski, N., & Dias, J.G. 2020. The Sustainable Society Index: Its reliability and validity. Ecological Indicators.114, 106190.
Wu, S., Fu, Y., Shen, H., & Liu, F. 2018. Using ranked weights and Shannon entropy to modify regional sustainable society index. Sustainable cities and society. 41. 443-448. doi:10.1016/j.scs.2018.05.052.
Yadav, V., Karmakar, S., Kalbar, P., & Dikshit, A. 2019. PyTOPS: A Python based tool for TOPSIS. SoftwareX. 9: 217–222. doi:10.1016/j.softx.2019.02.004.
Zamani, L. & Javaherian, Z. 2015. An exploration of Changes in the International Sustainability Index. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(17): 181-200. (in Persian)   
Mohamadi, S. & Sobhani, N. 2018. Evaluation ofSustainableDevelopment Indicators in the Middle Eastwith an emphasisOn Country Iran. Geographical Planning of Space, 8(28): 99-114.
Rajabi, A. & Sobhani, N. 2016. Analysis of Sustainability index among Asian countries. Human Geography Research, 48(4): 733-749, doi 10.22059/jhgr.2016.53397.
Seppälä, J., Leskinen, P. & Myllyviita, T. 2017. Expert panel weighting and aggregation of the Sustainable Society Index (SSI) 2010–a decision analysis approach. Sustainable Development, 25(4): 322-335.
Zamani, L. & Javaherian, Z. 2015. An exploration of Changes in the International Sustainability Index. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(17): 181-200.