ارزیابی اثرات محیط‌‌زیستی توسعه در منطقه حفاظت شده باشگل با کاربرد مدل تخریب سیمای سرزمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده محیط زیست کرج

2 دانشکده محیط زیست، کرج

3 دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

امروزه اکثر مناطق حفاظت شده در کشور به دلیل کاهش کیفیت، نیازمند پایش و اقدام‌های حفاظتی جدی هستند. مدل تخریب با کمی کردن آثار فعالیت‌‌های انسانی، می‌‌تواند در پایش و بهبود وضعیت این مناطق مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. برای اجرای این مدل در منطقه حفاظت شده باشگل، واحدهای هیدرولوژیک (زیرحوضه‌‌های آبریز) در داخل محدوده منطقه به عنوان واحدهای نشانزد، انتخاب شد. با استفاده از نقشه‌‌های موجود، مشاهده‌های میدانی و نظر کارشناسان، 25 عامل تخریب در کل منطقه شناسایی و شدت آنها تعیین شد، همچنین آسیب‌پذیری اکولوژیکی منطقه با استفاده از نقشه‌های زمین شناسی، فیزیوگرافی، اقلیم، پوشش گیاهی، زیستگاه و ... (16 فاکتور) با ابزار GIS محاسبه و به لحاظ شدت، طبقه‌بندی شد. پس از محاسبه تراکم فیزیولوژیک، ضرایب تخریب در هر یک از واحدها محاسبه و بر اساس نظریه فازی در 6 طبقه و 3 دسته طبقه‌بندی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که به لحاظ کیفیت سرزمین‌‌، 51/8465 هکتار از منطقه )7/34%) در طبقه 2 (مستعد توسعه)، 44/12013 هکتار (23/49%) از منطقه در طبقه 3 (نیازمند بازسازی) و ‌‌3920 هکتار از منطقه (07/16%) در طبقه 5 (نیازمند حفاظت) قرار دارد. به طور‌‌کلی، با توجه به شرایط محلی، بدون توسعه بیشتر، اهداف مدیریت منطقه باید به سمت بازسازی و اقدام‌های حفاظتی پیش رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Development Environmental Impact Assessment in Bashgol Protected Area Using Landscape Degradation Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Siavash Rezazadeh 1
  • Ali Jahani 2
  • hamid goshtasb 2
  • majid makhdoum 3
1 , Faculty of Environment, Karaj,
2 Faculty of Environment, Karaj
3 Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj
چکیده [English]

Today, most of protected areas in the country require serious monitoring and protection measures due to reduction of quality. Degradation model with quantifying the effects of human activities can be used in monitoring and improving the situation in these areas. To implement this model in Bashgol protected area, the sub watersheds were selected in the area as the impact units. Using maps, field observations and experts’ opinions, 25 destruction factors in the whole area were identified and their intensities were determined, also ecological vulnerability of the area was calculated with GIS tools using geological, physiographic, climatic, vegetation, habitat and other maps (16 factors) and was classified in terms of intensity. After calculating the physiological density, destruction coefficients were calculated in each unit and were classified based on fuzzy theory into 3 categories and 6 classes. The results showed that 8465/51 hectares(34/7%), 12013/44 hectares(49.23%) and 3920 hectares of area (16/07%) are located on the 2nd class (prone to development), the 3nd class (need to rehabilitation) and the 5nd class (need to conservation), respectively in terms of the quality of the land. Generally, according to local conditions, without the further development, the objectives of area management must go toward the restoration and protection measures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Assessment
  • Environmental impact
  • Development
  • Degradation model
  • Bashgol protectedarea

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پژوهش های محیط زیست
دوره 10، شماره 19
شهریور 1398
صفحه 15-26

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