رویکردهای نوین در حفاظت داخل زیستگاه گیاهان مناطق با اولویت گیاهی به عنوان میراث طبیعی ملی و جهانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشکده محیط زیست

چکیده

 
به دلیل محدودیت منابع، اعمال اولویت‌های حفاظتی و تقویت رویکردهای جایگزین در تعیین اولویت‌های حفاظت ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. در رویکردهای حفاظت‌ محور همه گونه‌ها و زیستگاه‌ها از اهمیت برابر برخوردار نیستند. عوامل متعددی مانند غنای گونه‌ا‌ی‌،‌ اندمیسم، سطح تهدید‌پذیری گونه‌ها، دامنه انتشار و نادر بودن گونه‌ها برای شناسایی اولویت‌های حفاظت به کار گرفته شده است. حفاظت از مناطق کلیدی تنوع‌زیستی، مناطق مهم گیاهی، آلیانس با انقراض صفر، ذخیره‌گاه‌های خرد گیاهی، مناطق پرتنوع و بحرانی تنوع‌زیستی، مناطق مهم بوم‌شناختی به عنوان جدیدترین و کارآمدترین شیوه‌های حفاظت از گونه‌های گیاهی محسوب می‌شوند. امروزه شیوه‌های سنتی حفاظت داخل زیستگاه (مانند مناطق حفاظت شده سنتی) با چالش‌های جدی مواجه هستند که به کارگیری رویکرد‌های حفاظتی جدید در مدیریت حفاظت را ضروری می‌کند. در این مقاله نقاط ضعف و قوت رویکردهای حفاظت سنتی و جدید مورد مقایسه و تحلیل قرار گرفته‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

New Approaches to In Situ Conservation of Plants: Priority Areas for Plants as National and Global Natural Heritage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Reza Mehrabeian 1
  • Henric Madjnonian 2
1 Shahid Beheshti University
2 Faculty of Environmen
چکیده [English]

Because of limited resources, priorities seems to be necessary in conservation of Biodiversity. It is therefore necessary to weigh the alternatives necessary to assess priorities for conservation. In conservation-based approaches, not all taxa and habitats have similar significances. Several factors following species richness, endemism, threats level of species, distribution tolerance as well rarity level were used to determine the priorities for conservation of plant taxa. Vulnerable areas with a higher number of taxa are considered as the most important priorities for conservation The Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs), Important Plant Areas (IPAs), Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZEs), Biodiversity Hot spots, the most important eco regions are classified as the newest methods for plant conservation. Todays, traditional In-situ Conservation methods (e.g. traditional protected areas) faces serious challenges, so, the use of new protective practices seems to be necessary in conservation management. In this paper, weakness as well strengths of traditional and new methods of plant conservation have been compared and analyzed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • New approaches to In-Situ Conservation
  • Natural heritage
  • Priorities for conservation
  • Plants
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