ارزیابی روند تغییرات کاربری اراضی با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره لندست سنجنده‌های ETM+ و OLI (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان بهبهان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه ملایر

2 دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان

3 دانشکدة علوم دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

4 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

در تحقیق حاضر جهت تهیه نقشه تغییرات کاربری اراضی شهرستان بهبهان از تصاویر ماهواره‌‌ لندست سنجنده‌‌های ETM+سال 1378 و OLI سال 1392 استفاده شد. پس از طبقه‌‌بندی تصاویر، نقشه نهایی کاربری اراضی در شش کلاس مناطق مسکونی، اراضی کشاورزی، آب، جنگل، مرتع و اراضی لخت تهیه شد. سپس تغییرات رخ داده با استفاده از CROSSTAB مشخص شد. نتایج نشان داد افزایش مساحت در کاربری‌‌های کشاورزی و مسکونی و کاهش مساحت در اراضی مرتعی، اراضی لخت و جنگل رخ داده است. کاربری کشاورزی با 01/8036 هکتار بیشترین افزایش مساحت و کاربری مرتع بیشترین کاهش مساحت را داشته است به طوری که 39/4560 هکتار از این اراضی تخریب شده‌‌اند. تخریب مراتع برای تبدیل به کاربری‌‌های دیگر به ترتیب از بیشترین به کمترین شامل: 6233 هکتار از تغییرات مرتع به کشاورزی، 1199 هکتار از تغییرات مرتع به اراضی لخت، 1146 هکتار از تغییرات مرتع به جنگل و 559 هکتار از تغییرات مرتع به مسکونی بوده است. با توجه به کاهش مساحت اراضی مرتعی می‌‌توان این گونه بیان کرد که افزایش جمعیت در روستاها و به تبع آن افزایش تقاضا برای غذا روستاییان را وادار نمود تا بسیاری از اراضی مرتعی را به اراضی کشاورزی تغییر دهند. از طرفی با توجه به افزایش تعداد دام در بازه زمانی مورد بررسی، چرای مفرط دام که سبب تغییر ترکیب پوشش گیاهی می‌‌شود از دیگر دلایل تخریب مرتع است. در نهایت می‌‌توان گفت که تغییرات کاربری‌‌ها دارای پیامدهای ناخوشایندی بر روی محیط‌زیست شهری همچون کاهش پوشش گیاهی و افزایش دمای محیط می‌‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Land Use Change Trends Using Satellite Landsat Satellite Images ETM+ and OLI Sensores (Case Study: Behbahan County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • fatemeh mohammadyari 1
  • Hamidreza Pourkhabbaz 2
  • hossain aghdar 3
  • Mortaza Tavakoly 4
1 malayer university
2 Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology
3 Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
4 Tarbiat Modarres University
چکیده [English]

In the present study, Landsat satellite images of sensors ETM + in 2000 and OLI of 2014 were used to prepare the land use change map in Behbahan city. After classification of images, the final land use map was prepared in six classes of residential areas, agricultural lands, water, forest, rangeland and bare lands. Then changes were made using CROSSTAB. The results showed that an increase in area agricultural and residential and reduction of area in pasture land, bare lands and forests occurred.
Agricultural land use had the highest area increase with 8036.01 hectares and rangeland use had the highest area decrease with 4560.39 hectares of these lands destroyed. The degradation of rangelands for conversion to other uses was from the highest to the lowest, including: 6233 hectares of pasture changes to agriculture, 1199 hectares of pasture changes to bare lands, 1146 hectares of pasture changes to forest and 559 hectares of rangeland changes to residential areas. According to the reduced area of rangeland can be paraphrased as the increase in rural population and the subsequent increase in demand for food grain self-sufficiency plan, forcing villagers to many pasture lands into agricultural land change. On the other, the increasing number of livestock in the period under review, which changes the composition of the vegetation, animals Overgrazing is another reason why it is degraded Rangeland.Finally, it can be said that land use changes have unpleasant consequences on urban environment such as reduced vegetation cover and increased environmental temperature.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agriculture
  • Land Evaluation
  • Sattelite images
  • Maximum likelihood algorithm
  • Behbahan

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پژوهش های محیط زیست
دوره 10، شماره 19
شهریور 1398
صفحه 41-54

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